acted as a blindfold to Yahweh’s “new thing” (43:19). The Judeans enshrined the past to the point that it limited what they thought Yahweh could do in the future. The former days can instruct, but they can also enslave. If faith becomes ossified, it does little good. “Remembrance can serve hope, but it [also] can replace it.”51 The goal is for Israel not merely to confess, “As surely as Yahweh lives, who brought us out of Egypt” but also, “As surely as Yahweh lives, who brought the descendants of
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